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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health problems which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. In contrast to benzodiazepines, they're addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medications are selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs also treat depression, and they can help relieve symptoms associated with other anxiety disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They can take up to a month for them to start working.

These drugs increase the amount of certain chemical messengers within the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. They're usually the first treatment option for anxiety, however doctors also use other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, called serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They work a little differently than SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine as well as serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to take effect and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil), how can i treat anxiety without medication be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, particularly GAD. Their drowsiness, and other side effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and the risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines can be used to treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause tolerance, sedation and addiction, and withdrawal reactions that may cause depression, anxiety, and even delusions. The most commonly used benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of the treatment for anxiety because it allows you to understand your symptoms and the root causes. Many people discover that both therapy and medication help to manage anxiety. Some studies suggest that cognitive therapy is as effective as anxiety medications. Talk with your physician about your options and what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also ease symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart rate or trembling), and promote sleep.

The way they work is by binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as gamma-aminobutryic acid or GABA, at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by activating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the amount of messages that are that are sent to the amygdala. a region of the brain that detects threats and creates the feeling of fear.

These drugs can be used for short periods of time for instance, when you experience a panic attack or if you are experiencing severe anxiety. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. In contrast to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for long. They're quick-acting and typically take effect in just a couple of hours, making them suitable for situations when immediate relief is required (like during a flight or prior to giving an event in public).

As they are addictive, patients are usually only prescribed them for a period of up to four weeks at a time. After that time they also lose their effectiveness.

One of the reasons benzodiazepines became so popular is anxiety treatable that they worked and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, like meprobamate and barbiturates. They are fast in the start of action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety) as well as sedatives and anticonvulsants as well as as muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s. This included the trivialization of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment can lead to physical dependence. Despite this they still play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, especially in combination with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects, such as drowsiness and disorientation. It is important to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medication you're contemplating or are taking. Take a look at the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medicines are safe to take with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved many antidepressants to treat other conditions, too, such as eating disorders, some types of pain and bipolar disorder.

The majority of doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first-line treatment for anxiety, but these medications might not be effective for everyone. If these antidepressants don't work, the doctor may try an older version called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. This includes amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're less popular than the newer antidepressants but are still readily available. Your doctor may also prescribe the antidepressant with a sedating effect, trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses for anxiety or sleep.

Nefazodone, a.k.a Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine may also be useful. These medications are also available in generic form. If they aren't helping, your doctor may try the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the action of adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be helpful when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you change negative thoughts and behavior that contribute towards your anxiety. It can help you learn to manage your anxiety and develop coping skills. Depending on the severity of your condition exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy might be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to learn to challenge unhelpful, fearful thoughts and overcome the fear of situations that trigger your anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the anxiety provoking situations until they become manageable. It can be performed in a group or on your own. In both instances, the results can take a while to show. A combination of medication and psychological therapy is the best choice for some individuals. Some people find that medication alone is enough to control symptoms. It's crucial to tell your doctor about the things you're doing to manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

Other medications can also aid in relieving your symptoms. Antihistamines, beta blockers, and buspirone are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications can help ease your symptoms, by lowering or blocking the signals that cause stress and fear. But, they're not the only solution. You'll still need to do other things to manage your anxiety, including physical exercise or relaxation techniques, as well as psychotherapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are the first choice of anxiety medication that your doctor may prescribe. They are the most effective medications for treating anxiety disorders according to research studies. The most common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac) and Citropram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications might have mild anxiety treatment side effects, such as insomnia or nausea, but they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive, and they do not increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam, diazepoxide, and clonazepam (Valium), provide immediate relief from anxiety and panic attacks. However, they can cause adverse effects, including drowsiness and dizziness. They may also cause problems with coordination and memory and may even cause dependence. They're a less popular choice than the older barbiturates, however, they're equally effective.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially developed to relieve allergies. However, they are also used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine block histamine receptors within the brain, and can trigger the body to relax. It is not a controlled drug and does not have the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They have been proven to reduce anxiety by inhibiting the production and release of serotonin and dopamine. These medications can be prescribed as part of a combination therapy or to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are suitable for you. They'll also talk about how to treat anxiety naturally long you should take them for and any potential adverse effects. Anxiety medications are only available through prescription, and a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.