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Mesothelioma

Asbestos fibers can cause mesothelioma when they irritate tissue surrounding many of your internal organs. Cancerous cells then develop.

The most well-known type of mesothelioma affects the lung lining (pleura). Less-common forms affect the abdomen's lining and the surrounding lining of the testicles.

Doctors diagnose mesothelioma after examining a tissue or fluid sample for cancerous cells. They may also order blood tests or imaging tests.

Signs and symptoms

Mesothelioma affects the lining of organs in different parts of the body. The symptoms differ based on the location the tumor forms, such as the pleura (lung lining) for pleural mesothelioma and the peritoneum for mesothelioma of the peritoneal. The general symptoms are the presence of fever, weight loss that is not explained and fatigue. Other signs of mesothelioma are pain and difficulty in breathing.

The first step in determining mesothelioma is a physical examination. Your doctor will inquire about any asbestos exposure you have had in the past and other factors that could increase your chance of developing mesothelioma. This includes any past exposure to asbestos, such as in shipbuilding, construction or manufacturing industries.

The majority of mesothelioma cases are identified by imaging scans of the chest or abdomen. These include X rays, CT scans (computer tomography) and MRIs (magnetic imaging). These tests allow doctors to look at the inside of your body, and also check for mesothelioma or other masses in the stomach or lung.

The X-rays will reveal a thickening of the pleura or the accumulation of fluid in the lung space and chest wall, which are both common symptoms of pleural mesothelioma. There is also a possibility of fluid in the abdominal cavity, which is commonly associated with peritoneal msothelioma.

Your doctor will order a biopsied if a mesothelioma tumor is detected. When you undergo a biopsy, your doctor will take some of the tissue from the tumor to check for mesothelioma tumor cells. A surgeon may insert needles into the tumor, or perform a surgical procedure to extract the sample.

In the case of pleural asbestosis doctors drain the the chest cavity by the procedure known as pleurodesis. This involves making a small cut into the abdomen or chest, and then using tubes to drain the fluid. The buildup of fluid can cause difficulties breathing in patients suffering from mesothelioma of the pleura. Your doctor may try to reduce the amount of fluid in your pleura through the use of an indwelling catheter, or using ultrasound-guided needle aspiration.

In rare cases, the cancer can be spread to other areas of the body which can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain weight loss, abdominal discomfort, and breathing problems. These are known as metastatic symptoms because they can occur in different places than the region of the original tumor.

Diagnosis

In most instances, doctors first assess symptoms such as coughing and chest pains by performing an examination. They also inquire with patients about any history of asbestos exposure. They will then conduct imaging tests in order to detect tumors on the lungs and abdomen. These tests could include X rays, CT scans or MRIs.

Since mesothelioma is a rare cancer, it can be hard for doctors to recognize it accurately. Mesothelioma is often misdiagnosed as common illnesses like pneumonia or bronchitis. This can delay treatment, and can cause the disease to spread before it is fully diagnosed.

If doctors discover a potential mesothelioma cancer, they'll require a sample of tissue or fluid to test. These samples will allow them to confirm the mesothelioma claim type and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. Doctors can collect mesothelioma specimens via biopsy. These can be performed by removing a tiny amount of tissue by surgery or by inserting a needle into the chest or abdominal region to remove fluid.

These samples will be evaluated for cancerous cells. The type of mesothelioma the doctor finds will help determine the best treatment options.

Doctors may recommend lab tests to understand the tumor. These tests can reveal genes, proteins and other elements that are unique to a tumor.

The doctors also need to know if the tumor has been able to spread. This is known as staging. This will help them determine the size of the tumor as well as whether it has spread to other organs.

Once all tests are completed, the doctor will discuss them with you. They will also give you a prognosis. It is based on averages of other mesothelioma patients with similar symptoms and staging. Then, they will discuss how the prognosis will alter as the tumor grows or shrinks, and what other treatments are employed. If you have any concerns, ask for an opinion from another doctor. This is an excellent way to ensure you receive the best care.

Treatment

Getting diagnosed with mesothelioma is just the beginning of a long journey. Treatment options depend on many factors, including the type and grade of mesothelioma (how fast it grows). Doctors will also consider the person's age, general health and any other medical conditions.

It is often difficult to identify mesothelioma since it is a very rare disease. Combinations of tests, like chest CT scans and X-rays are frequently used to confirm the diagnosis of mesothelioma. These imaging studies may reveal changes in the lung's lining or abdomen, for instance the thickening of the pleura and the accumulation of fluid. The blood tests are also performed to check for elevated levels of specific proteins that are associated with mesothelioma.

A biopsy is usually performed after a mesothelioma is suspected. A biopsy is carried out by inserting a needle into the affected area and removing the tissue to be examined. The sample will then be examined in a lab to determine if it contains any cancer cells.

If a patient is diagnosed with Pleural Mesothelioma, doctors are able to eliminate the excess fluid through a procedure called Thorcentesis. Patients can also undergo pleurodesis, a procedure that assists in preventing the accumulation of fluid in the future. Pleurodesis involves placing a tube in the chest to help drain the fluid, and it can also be combined with medications to decrease the likelihood of fluid building up again.

Radiation can be used in combination with chemotherapy or surgery to treat mesothelioma. Doctors can use traditional photon radiation, or a new method known as intensity-modulated therapy, which sends the radiation at different angles to decrease the damage to healthy tissue.

It can be used to aid in surgery by using chemotherapy drugs to eliminate cancerous cells. It can also be heated and injecting directly into the abdomen (intraperitoneal chemotherapy) for patients with peritoneal mesothelioma. Clinical trials of new treatments for mesothelioma are open to certain individuals. These are usually done in larger medical centers and may provide the most promising results. Even after treatment, mesothelioma may be recurrent. If it does, treatment options will differ based on the location where mesothelioma developed and the previous treatments received.

Prognosis

In general the prognosis of a mesothelioma patient is based on the type of cancer they suffer from, the stage at which they were diagnosed, their overall health and age. It is also dependent on how far the mesothelioma has spread and how much treatment will help them control symptoms.

A doctor will conduct several tests to determine the outlook of mesothelioma patients, which include imaging tests (a CT scan or X-ray) as well as blood tests, and the biopsy. A biopsy is when doctors collect small amounts of the mesothelioma or tumor and examine it using a magnifying glass to detect cancerous cells.

Mesothelioma is a rare type of cancer that affects the lining of tissues surrounding organs in the body including the abdominal lining, the chest lining, and the testes. It is caused by asbestos exposure.

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The prognosis for mesothelioma can be improved if the condition is detected in its early stages. If doctors are able to remove the tumor or a large portion of it, patients stand greater chance of having an extended life.

Another factor is how fit a mesothelioma sufferer is. The level of fitness is linked to higher survival rates for mesothelioma patients. A person's blood chemistry can also affect their mesothelioma prognosis. The more normal a person's haemoglobin levels and white blood cell and platelet counts are more likely to be a good prognosis.

A mesothelioma which has not yet reached a critical stage may be treated by radiation therapy, chemotherapy or surgery. These treatments can make cancer cells less likely to multiply and spread. The treatments don't eliminate cancer. Many mesothelioma survivors have surpassed their initial prognoses. Some mesothelioma lawsuits patients have lived for decades, or even a decade, after their diagnosis. For instance paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould survived his peritoneal mesothelioma for 20 years. He died from cancer that was not related to mesothelioma.