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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee lover you're likely to know that different beans can produce different flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor, and are often added to coffee blends to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans make up 75% of the global production. Arabica beans are sweeter and less acidic than Robusta. They also are available in a variety of flavours. The aroma and taste of a particular coffee can vary significantly based on the growing conditions and processing techniques used to make it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow within bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized after eating fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew rapidly across the globe.

Coffee beans can grow at high quality coffee beans altitudes, and thrive with cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons that Arabica is considered to be the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on using ethically-sourced arabica beans by focusing on fair compensation for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique coffees that can be used in different brewing methods. Blending can control the taste, aroma and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is often utilized to create an even and consistent taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown across the globe. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants that naturally occur. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica and can grow in less favorable conditions. It is tolerant of warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory Robusta beans are frequently combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the organic coffee beans bags, it's possible that there's also some robusta.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, the majority of roasters use a mix of the two varieties to cut costs and ensure quality. In order to preserve the quality of the flavor, it is essential to select a premium beans from a source you are confident in. This can be done by purchasing the beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other varieties of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is floral, fruity and smokey. They are added to other coffee bean types to provide them with a more rich, more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as and in Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes and withstand humid, hot climates. They also have a more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. Online, you can buy seeds from a variety of sources. However, it's best to buy the beans from local producers to guarantee quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile, deep volcano soils with moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once considered a distinct species, but was re-classified as a variant of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are grown on large 20 to 30 feet coffee beans manchester plants that are located at medium roast coffee beans altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both tart and fruity that has made them a preferred choice in house blends. They are also lighter in flavor and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as popular as Arabica and Robusta despite being the fourth most popular. In fact they were regarded as an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were changed to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape and have a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are often used to give blends additional body and a rich tart taste of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive in tropical, warm environments and at high altitudes. They also have a little of acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they may be flavored with notes of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee in the world, and makes up around 40% of the coffee consumed worldwide. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder however, they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have woody and earthy overtones.

After you've learned about the four most popular types, it's now time to choose your favorite brew. If you want a smooth, delicate flavor, opt for an arabica or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.