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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee lover you're likely to know that different beans have different flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor profile, and are often used in blends of coffee to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of global production. Arabica beans are sweeter and less acidic than Robusta, and they come in various flavour profiles. The aroma and taste of Coffee Beans Types are influenced by the conditions in which it is grown as well as the methods of processing used.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop within bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were stimulated by eating these fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is believed to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans, and focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make unique specialty coffees that can be used in a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending allows for control over the aroma, flavor, body, and acidity of the coffee. It is usually preferred to create a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular type of coffee bean around the world. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to pests and disease. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants that occur naturally. These acids can cause oxidation during the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and can be grown in less favorable climates. It is tolerant of warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory it's true that Robusta beans are often mixed with arabica to create coffee blends. If you notice the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee beans manchester bag and you can be sure that there's a bit of robusta too.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and ensure the quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it's crucial to select a high-quality bean from a supplier you trust. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans direct from farmers.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a smell that is fruity, floral and smoky. They are often paired with other coffee beans to buy bean varieties to provide a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes and can withstand humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These characteristics make them ideal for home-growing. Online, you can purchase the seeds from various sources. However, it's ideal to purchase the beans from local producers in order to ensure quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils that have moderately acidic pH as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different kind of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. The coffee beans that are oval in shape are found on large coffee plants that range from 20-30 feet in height at medium altitudes. Their distinctive taste is tart and sour, making them a popular choice for blends made at home. They are also less pronounced in the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta, but still possess a unique quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta, yet they're the fourth most popular. They were actually thought to be distinct species of organic coffee beans until 2006 when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped in the shape of a teardrop and are dark and mysterious in taste. They are frequently used to give blends additional body and a rich, tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and are renowned for their an apricot-like flavor. They thrive in warm, tropical climates and high altitudes. They also have a hint of acidity. If brewed correctly and roast they can be a bit sweet with hints of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee worldwide, and is responsible for 40% of all coffee consumed globally. These beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody overtones.

Now that you know the four most widely used varieties of coffee beans shop beans you can now choose the perfect cup. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste, choose an arabica bean or a blend made up of robusta beans and arabica beans.